Tumor growth rate in metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma using two-dimensional computer tomography scan.

person Sarah N. Fuller National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD info_outline Sarah N. Fuller, Ahmad Shafiei, Maran Ilanchezhian, Mohammadhadi Bagheri, Jaydira Del Rivero

Authors person Sarah N. Fuller National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD info_outline Sarah N. Fuller, Ahmad Shafiei, Maran Ilanchezhian, Mohammadhadi Bagheri, Jaydira Del Rivero Organizations National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD Abstract Disclosures Research Funding U.S. National Institutes of Health Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor with an incidence of 1.5–2 per million people per year. It has a poor prognosis with an overall 5-year mortality of 75-80%. The treatment of choice for a localized primary or recurrent tumor is radical surgical resection. However, patients with recurrent or metastatic disease are infrequently cured by surgery alone and chemotherapy has limited benefits. Little is known about the growth rate of metastatic lesions or how disease burden varies among patients, which poses a considerable obstacle in patient care as 17–53% of patients present with distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. Most ACC metastases are found in the liver, lung, bone, and retroperitoneum. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the growth rate of metastatic ACC lesions in the lung, liver, lymph nodes, and adrenal bed using serial two-dimensional segmentation of computer tomography images from 10 patients seen at the National Institutes of Health. All patients were females (mean age of 61 years; range, 49–70 years) who had an ACC diagnosis for a mean of 7 years (range, 3–14 years). Only lesions that exhibited FGD-PET avidity were included with up to five lesions per organ recorded. Results: Of the 10 patients, 7 showed metastatic disease at primary diagnosis, although all patients developed recurrent and/or distant metastatic lesions throughout the course of their disease (3 patients had lung lesions, 6 had liver lesions, 8 had adrenal bed recurrence, and 5 had lymph node involvement). Compared over a 6-month period without treatment alteration (change in chemotherapy, surgical intervention, or ablation) lung lesions increased by 11.6%, liver lesions decreased by 17.9%, retroperitoneal lesions increased by 69.25%, and lymph node lesions increased by 9.2%. Conclusions: Treatment of metastatic lesions, particularly in the liver, can increase long-term survival. Understanding growth rates of metastatic tumors may lead to improved treatment of patients with ACC.