Abstract
Germline gene-specific associations in a large prostate cancer cohort.
Author
person
Hiba M Khan
University of Washington/Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
info_outline
Hiba M Khan, Sarah M. Nielsen Young, Emily M. Russell, Ed Esplin, W. Michael Korn, Heather H. Cheng
Full text
Authors
person
Hiba M Khan
University of Washington/Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
info_outline
Hiba M Khan, Sarah M. Nielsen Young, Emily M. Russell, Ed Esplin, W. Michael Korn, Heather H. Cheng
Organizations
University of Washington/Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, CA, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Washington & Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
Abstract Disclosures
Research Funding
No funding sources reported
Background:
Identification of pathogenic germline variants (PGV) in patients (pts) with prostate cancer (PC) enables precision therapy and cascade testing. Equitable advances in precision PC management require more detailed understanding of gene-level associations. Herein we describe PC gene-specific demography in a large cohort of PC pts.
Methods:
Germline genetic testing (GGT) (Invitae Corp.) and insurance claims (Komodo Healthcare Map) data were linked for PC pts from 2015-2023. ICD/CPT codes were used to define PC personal and family history and disease stage (early-stage = codes for active surveillance or definitive local treatment; advanced = remaining pts). PC genes analyzed were those in NCCN PC guidelines with >100 PGV+ pts:
ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, HOXB13
and mismatch repair (MMR) genes (
EPCAM, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2
). Two sample t-tests were used for age and chi-square tests were used for other variables, with a Bonferroni correction for
post hoc
analysis.
Results:
14,979 pts had GGT: 68% with advanced disease (enriched for
BRCA2
) and 32% with early-stage. Mean diagnosis age was 64, and significantly younger for
ATM
/
BRCA2
/
HOXB13
+ pts
(p<0.04) (Table).
BRCA2
was the most common PGV but was not enriched in any clinician-reported race/ethnicity.
CHEK2/
MMR+ pts were more likely to be White (
post hoc
p<0.001). The Midwest had the highest frequency of PGV (12%). A lower proportion of
CHEK2+
pts resided in the South (
post hoc
p<0.001). 26% of PGV+ pts had documented PC family history, which was significantly associated with
BRCA2/
HOXB13, and negatively correlated with MMR (p<0.02 for both).
Conclusions:
In this cohort of ~15,000 PC pts, gene-specific associations were detected that warrant further study. Three-quarters of pts with PGV had no claims for family PC history, highlighting the importance of GGT in all pts meeting criteria, independent of family history. Further analysis of linked data will assess real-world treatment decisions and outcomes by GGT result.
N (%)
Total Cohort
14979
ATM
260 (1.7)
BRCA1
115 (0.8)
BRCA2
438 (2.9)
CHEK2
328 (2.2)
HOXB13
136 (0.9)
MMR
178 (1.2)
No Germline Findings
7881 (53)
Mean age at diagnosis (yrs) (SD)
64.4 (9)
63.5 (9)
64.2 (11)
63.7 (9)
64.5 (9)
62.2 (9)
63.5 (10)
64.7 (9)
Black
1568 (11)
11 (0.7)*
7 (0.4)
40 (2.6)
11 (0.7)^
15 (1)
5 (0.3)^
784 (50)
Hispanic
636 (4)
13 (2)
5 (0.8)
19 (4)
7 (3)
0
5 (0.7)
312 (49)
White
9930 (66)
176 (2)
75 (0.8)
290 (3)
264 (3)^
102 (1)
140 (1)^
5261 (53)
Northeast
3191 (21)
71 (2)
24 (0.8)
101 (3)
76 (2)
16 (0.5)
36 (1)
1760 (55)
Midwest
3506 (23)
72 (2)
39 (1)
117 (3)
102 (3)
41 (1)
50 (1)
1927 (55)
South
4470 (30)
64 (1)
30 (0.7)
128 (3)
66 (2)
#
45 (1)
38 (0.9)
2390 (53)
West
3644 (24)
53 (2)
22 (0.6)
87 (2)
83 (2)
34 (0.9)
47 (1)
1712 (47)
Family history of PC
3728 (25)
62 (2)
19 (0.5)
130 (4)
83 (2)
53 (1)
29 (0.8)
1925 (52)
Bolded values are significant (p<0.05) compared to “no germline findings” group Only most common race/ethnicity categories included Significant post hoc: *Black; ^Black, White;
#
South.
2 organizations
Organization
Invitae Corporation