International Randomized Study of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Versus Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) / Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) for Residual or Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Initial TACE

IRB-35937

This randomized phase III trial studies how well transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) works compared to stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) or stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) in patients with liver cancer that remain after attempts to remove the cancer have been made (residual) or has come back (recurrent). TACE is a minimally invasive, image-guided treatment procedure that uses a catheter to deliver both chemotherapy medication and embolization materials into the blood vessels that lead to the tumors. SBRT or SABR may be able to send radiation directly to the tumor and cause less damage to normal liver tissue. It is not yet known whether TACE is more effective than SBRT or SABR in treating patients with persistent or recurrent liver cancer who have undergone initial TACE.

2016-02-27

2022-12-31

2022-12-31

Terminated

Early phase I

13

Inclusion Criteria: * Confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by one of the following: * Histopathology * One radiographic technique that confirms a lesion \>= 1 cm with arterial hypervascularization with washout on delayed phase * Radiographic evidence of persistent, progressive, or recurrent disease in an area previously treated with TACE and determined from 3 months after initial TACE; this evaluation should be within 6 weeks of date of study eligibility * Unifocal liver tumors not to exceed 7.5 cm in greatest axial dimension; multifocal lesions will be restricted to lesions that can be treated within a single target volume within the same liver segment and to an aggregate of 10 cm as long as the dose constraints to normal tissue can be met * Eastern Clinical Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1 or 2 * Patients with liver disease classified as Child Pugh class A or B, with score =\< 9 ((within 4 weeks of treatment) * Life expectancy \>= 6 months * Ability of the research subject or authorized legal representative to understand and have the willingness to sign a written informed consent document Exclusion Criteria: * Prior radiotherapy to the upper abdomen * Prior radioembolization to the liver * Prior radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to index lesion * Liver transplant * Active gastrointestinal bleed within 2 weeks of study enrollment * Ascites refractory to medical therapy (mild to moderate ascites is allowed) * Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding * Administration of chemotherapy within the last 1 month * Extrahepatic metastases * Participation in another concurrent treatment protocol * Prior history of malignancy other than HCC, dermatologic basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma

{'studyType': 'INTERVENTIONAL', 'phases': ['PHASE3'], 'designInfo': {'allocation': 'RANDOMIZED', 'interventionModel': 'PARALLEL', 'primaryPurpose': 'TREATMENT', 'maskingInfo': {'masking': 'NONE'}}, 'enrollmentInfo': {'count': 13, 'type': 'ACTUAL'}}

2024-03-12