DailyMed Label: chloramphenicol

DailyMed Label: chloramphenicol

2006

DailyMed Prescription

chloramphenicol

chloramphenicol

PARKE-DAVIS

NDC: 0071-3070

Each gram of Chloromycetin Ophthalmic Ointment, 1% contains 10 mg of chloramphenicol in a special base of liquid petrolatum and polyethylene. It contains no preservatives. Sterile ointment. The chemical names for chloramphenicol are: (1) Acetamide, 2,2-dichloro- N -[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl) ethyl]-, and (2) D- threo -(—)-2,2-Dichloro- N -[β-hydroxy-α-(hydroxymethyl)- p -nitrophenethyl] acetamide. Chloramphenicol has the following empirical and structural formulas:

Chloramphenicol should be used only in those serious infections for which less potentially dangerous drugs are ineffective or contraindicated. Bacteriological studies should be performed to determine the causative organisms and their sensitivity to chloramphenicol (see Boxed Warning ). Chloromycetin Ophthalmic Ointment, 1% (Chloramphenicol Ophthalmic Ointment, USP) is indicated for the treatment of surface ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. The particular antiinfective drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus , including Streptococcus pneumoniae Escherichia coli Haemophilus influenzae Klebsiella/Enterobacter species Moraxella lucunata     (Morax-Axenfeld bacillus) Neisseria species This product does not provide adequate coverage against: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Serratia marcescens

A small amount of ointment placed in the lower conjunctival sac every three hours, or more frequently if deemed advisable by the prescribing physician. Administration should be continued day and night the first 48 hours, after which the interval between applications may be increased. Treatment should be continued for at least 48 hours after the eye appears normal.

This product is contraindicated in persons sensitive to any of its components.

The prolonged use of antibiotics may occasionally result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. If new infections appear during medication, the drug should be discontinued and appropriate measures should be taken. In all serious infections the topical use of chloramphenicol should be supplemented by appropriate systemic medication.

Blood dyscrasias have been reported in association with the use of chloramphenicol (see

N 0071–3070–07 Chloromycetin Ophthalmic Ointment, 1% (Chloramphenicol Ophthalmic Ointment, USP) is supplied, sterile, in ophthalmic ointment tubes of 3.5 grams. Chloromycetin, brand of chloramphenicol. Reg US Pat Off Caution—Federal law prohibits dispensing without prescription. March 1997 ©1997, Warner-Lambert Co. PARKE-DAVIS Div of Warner-Lambert Co/Morris Plains, NJ 07950 USA

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic originally isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae . It is primarily bacteriostatic and acts by inhibition of protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes. It has been noted that chloramphenicol is found in measurable amounts in the aqueous humor following local application to the eye. Development of resistance to chloramphenicol can be regarded as minimal for staphylococci and many other species of bacteria.